Nusantara

Nusantara, officially the Confederation of Nusantara, is a transcontinental country primarily located in Southeast Asia between the Indian and Pacific oceans. Compromising over 17,000 islands, Nusantara is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 12th-largest country by land area at 2,410,489 square kilometers (930,695 square miles). The Nusantaran archipelago is made up of five main islands—Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, and New Guinea—as well as two island chains: the Moluccas and the Lesser Sundas. The country shares maritime borders with Australia, Malaya, the Philippines, and the Solomon Islands. With a population of 308 million, Nusantara is the 4th most populous country.

Confederation of Nusantara Persekutuan Nusantara
Motto:  Nusantara Harga Mati (Nusantaran) "Nusantara is Non-Negotiable"
Anthem: Rayuan Pulau Kelapa "Solace on Coconut Island" File:Rayuan Pulau Kelapa.ogg
Capital	Luwu 2°38′S 121°1′E
Largest city	Jakarta 6°10′S 106°49′E
Official languages	Nusantaran Regional languages Javanese Sundanese Malay Madurese Minangkabau Banjarese Buginese Balinese Batak languages Cirebonese
Native languages	718 languages
Writing systems	Latin (predominantly) Regional Javanese Jawi Sundanese Batak Balinese and others
Ethnic groups (2020)	38.1% Javanese 16.5% Sundanese 5.7% Malay 4.1% Bugis 3.6% Batak and 600+ others
Religion (2020)	50.7% Islam 24.1% Kejawen 11.7% no religion 8.6% Christianity 1.6% Hinduism 1.2% Buddhism and others
Demonym	Nusantaran
Government	Confederal presidential republic
• President	Sami Siregar
• Vice President	Adam Hutabarat
Legislature	People's Consultative Assembly (MPR)
• Upper house	Regional Representative Council (DPD)
• Lower house	House of Representatives (DPR)
Formation
• Treaty of Singapore	18 December 1812
• Constitutional monarchy	9 August 1832
• Monarchy abolished	21 September 1972
Area
• Total	2,410,489 km2 (930,695 sq mi) (12th)
• Water (%)	4.85
Population
• 2026 estimate	308,251,420 (4th)
• 2020 census	303,821,758
• Density	127.9/km2 (331.3/sq mi) (88th)
GDP (PPP)	2026 estimate
• Total	$15.449 trillion (3rd)
• Per capita	$51,496 (16th)
GDP (nominal)	2026 estimate
• Total	$21.671 trillion (3rd)
• Per capita	$72,236 (15th)
Gini (2024)	37.9 medium inequality (76th)
HDI (2023)	0.911 very high (33rd)
Currency	Nusantaran rupiah (Rp) (NUR)
Time zone	UTC+7, +8, +9 (WNB, WNTA, WNT)
Date format	MM/DD/YYYY
Calling code	+62
ISO 3166 code	NU
Internet TLD	.nu

Early humans arrived in modern-day Nusantara during the Pleistocene with fossilized remains of Java Man—a form of Homo erectus—dating back 1.5 to 1.7 million years ago. Modern humans arrived later around 50,000 years ago, followed by waves of migration of Austronesian peoples from Taiwan spanning multiple millennia from 4,000 to 2,000 BC. Being at the crossroads of East and South Asia, the region quickly became an important link for maritime trade and cultural exchange, which led to the rise of Indianized thalassocracies such as Srivijaya and Majapahit, and the spread of Hinduism, Buddhism, and later Islam in the 7th and 8th centuries by Arab and Indian traders.

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