Nusantara: Difference between revisions

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Early humans arrived in modern-day Nusantara during the Pleistocene with fossilized remains of [[Wikipedia:Java Man|Java Man]]—a form of ''[[Wikipedia:Homo erectus|Homo erectus]]''—dating back 1.5 to 1.7 million years ago. Modern humans arrived later around 50,000 years ago, followed by waves of migration of [[Austronesian peoples|Austronesian peoples]] from [[Taiwan]] spanning multiple millennia from 4,000 to 2,000 BC. Being at the crossroads of [[East Asia|East]] and [[South Asia]], the region quickly became an important link for maritime trade and cultural exchange, which led to the rise of [[Greater_India#Indianization_of_Southeast_Asia|Indianized]] thalassocracies such as [[Wikipedia:Srivijaya|Srivijaya]] and [[Wikipedia:Majapahit|Majapahit]], and the spread of [[Hinduism in Nusantara|Hinduism]], [[Buddhism in Nusantara|Buddhism]], and later [[Islam in Nusantara|Islam]] in the 7th and 8th centuries by Arab and Indian traders.

Threatened by the growing presence of European powers in the region, the confederation was initially formed as a defensive military pact between regional monarchies. Capitalizing on the ongoing [[Wikipedia:Napoleonic Wars|Napoleonic Wars]] in Europe, the pact successfully expelled European powers in a [[War of the Two Oceans|war from 1811 to 1815]]. The [[Treaty of Singapore (1816)|Treaty of Singapore]] signed the following year established a unified Nusantaran state under a [[Constitution of Nusantara (1816)|~~confederal~~ constitution]] modeled after the [[United States]]. The new nation pursued rapid [[Industrialisation|industrialization]] and [[Modernization theory|modernization]], allowing the country to project its power beyond the [[Wikipedia:Sunda Islands|Sunda Islands]] with the annexation of [[Malaya]] in 1876, [[Wikipedia:New Guinea|New Guinea]] in 1888, and the [[Philippines]] in 1899.

Threatened by the growing presence of European powers in the region, the confederation was initially formed as a defensive military pact between regional monarchies. Capitalizing on the ongoing [[Wikipedia:Napoleonic Wars|Napoleonic Wars]] in Europe, the pact successfully expelled European powers in a [[War of the Two Oceans|war from 1811 to 1815]]. The [[Treaty of Singapore (1816)|Treaty of Singapore]] signed the following year established a unified Nusantaran state under a [[Constitution of Nusantara (1816)|federal constitution]] modeled after the [[United States]]. The new nation pursued rapid [[Industrialisation|industrialization]] and [[Modernization theory|modernization]], allowing the country to project its power beyond the [[Wikipedia:Sunda Islands|Sunda Islands]] with the annexation of [[Malaya]] in 1876, [[Wikipedia:New Guinea|New Guinea]] in 1888, and the [[Philippines]] in 1899.

[[Origins of the Nusantaran Civil War|Decades of controversy]] regarding the role of religion in government eventually led to the secession of 11 western Mandalas to form the [[Islamic Emirate of Nusantara]] in order to establish a state governed by [[Wikipedia:Sharia|Islamic jurisprudence]]. Fighting against the [[Confederate (Nusantaran Civil War)|Confederate]] in a [[Nusantaran Civil War|civil war]] from 1896 to 1900, the Emirates were defeated and the country was reunited.

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 Early humans arrived in modern-day Nusantara during the Pleistocene with fossilized remains of [[Wikipedia:Java Man|Java Man]]—a form of ''[[Wikipedia:Homo erectus|Homo erectus]]''—dating back 1.5 to 1.7 million years ago. Modern humans arrived later around 50,000 years ago, followed by waves of migration of [[Austronesian peoples|Austronesian peoples]] from [[Taiwan]] spanning multiple millennia from 4,000 to 2,000 BC. Being at the crossroads of [[East Asia|East]] and [[South Asia]], the region quickly became an important link for maritime trade and cultural exchange, which led to the rise of [[Greater_India#Indianization_of_Southeast_Asia|Indianized]] thalassocracies such as [[Wikipedia:Srivijaya|Srivijaya]] and [[Wikipedia:Majapahit|Majapahit]], and the spread of [[Hinduism in Nusantara|Hinduism]], [[Buddhism in Nusantara|Buddhism]], and later [[Islam in Nusantara|Islam]] in the 7th and 8th centuries by Arab and Indian traders.
-Threatened by the growing presence of European powers in the region, the confederation was initially formed as a defensive military pact between regional monarchies. Capitalizing on the ongoing [[Wikipedia:Napoleonic Wars|Napoleonic Wars]] in Europe, the pact successfully expelled European powers in a [[War of the Two Oceans|war from 1811 to 1815]]. The [[Treaty of Singapore (1816)|Treaty of Singapore]] signed the following year established a unified Nusantaran state under a [[Constitution of Nusantara (1816)|confederal constitution]] modeled after the [[United States]]. The new nation pursued rapid [[Industrialisation|industrialization]] and [[Modernization theory|modernization]], allowing the country to project its power beyond the [[Wikipedia:Sunda Islands|Sunda Islands]] with the annexation of [[Malaya]] in 1876, [[Wikipedia:New Guinea|New Guinea]] in 1888, and the [[Philippines]] in 1899.
+Threatened by the growing presence of European powers in the region, the confederation was initially formed as a defensive military pact between regional monarchies. Capitalizing on the ongoing [[Wikipedia:Napoleonic Wars|Napoleonic Wars]] in Europe, the pact successfully expelled European powers in a [[War of the Two Oceans|war from 1811 to 1815]]. The [[Treaty of Singapore (1816)|Treaty of Singapore]] signed the following year established a unified Nusantaran state under a [[Constitution of Nusantara (1816)|federal constitution]] modeled after the [[United States]]. The new nation pursued rapid [[Industrialisation|industrialization]] and [[Modernization theory|modernization]], allowing the country to project its power beyond the [[Wikipedia:Sunda Islands|Sunda Islands]] with the annexation of [[Malaya]] in 1876, [[Wikipedia:New Guinea|New Guinea]] in 1888, and the [[Philippines]] in 1899.
 [[Origins of the Nusantaran Civil War|Decades of controversy]] regarding the role of religion in government eventually led to the secession of 11 western Mandalas to form the [[Islamic Emirate of Nusantara]] in order to establish a state governed by [[Wikipedia:Sharia|Islamic jurisprudence]]. Fighting against the [[Confederate (Nusantaran Civil War)|Confederate]] in a [[Nusantaran Civil War|civil war]] from 1896 to 1900, the Emirates were defeated and the country was reunited.

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